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¹ÎÁÖÈ­ Åõ»çÀÇ ¸ÁÅ並 ÀÔÀº »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼±µ¿µÆÀ» ¶§´Â ±× À§ÇùÀ» ã¾Æ³»°í ¿¹°ßÇϱⰡ ÈξÀ ¾î·Æ´Ù¡±¸ç
¡°¹Ì±¹ÀÌ Áö³­ ¸¹Àº ¼¼¿ù µ¿¾È ±×Åä·Ï ºñ½Ñ ´ë°¡¸¦ ÁöºÒÇÏ°í ±æ·¯¿Ô´ø ÀÚÀ¯¶ó´Â ²ÉÀÌ
ÀûµéÀÇ Áö¹è ¾Æ·¡ ¶³¾îÁø´Ù¸é ¿ì¸® Á¶±¹»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¹Ì±¹¿¡°Ôµµ Àç¾ÓÀÌ µÉ °Í¡±À̶ó°í Çß´Ù.

ÀÌ Àü´ë»çÀÇ À̳¯ Áõ¾ðÀº
À§±â¿¡ ºüÁø Á¶±¹À» ±¸Çϱâ À§ÇØ °³Àο¡°Ô ½ñ¾ÆÁú ºñ³­°ú Áß»ó¸ð·«Á¶Â÷ °¨¼öÇÑ ³ëÇÐÀÚÀÇ Àý±Ô·Î µé·È´Ù.

´ÙÀ½Àº ÀÌÀÎÈ£ Àü ÁÖ·¯´ë»ç Áõ¾ðÀü¹® ¹× ¹ø¿ª

Congressman Chris Smith, Congressman James McGovern,
and other members and staff of the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission,
I would like to begin by expressing my sincere appreciation for your decision
to address the issue of civil and political rights in the Republic of Korea,
and for inviting me to testify.

Å©¸®½º ½º¹Ì½º ÀÇ¿ø´Ô, Á¦ÀÓ½º ¸Æ°Å¹ø ÀÇ¿ø´Ô
±×¸®°í Åè ·£Å佺 ÀαÇÀ§¿øȸÀÇ ¸ðµç À§¿ø´Ôµé°ú ½ºÅÂÇÁ ¿©·¯ºÐ²²
Àú´Â Çѱ¹ÀÇ ½Ã¹ÎÀû Á¤Ä¡Àû ±Ç¸®¿¡ °üÇØ ³íÀÇÇÏ·Á´Â °á½ÉÀ» ³»·ÁÁֽŠ°Í°ú
Àú¸¦ ÁõÀÎÀ¸·Î ÃÊ´ëÇØÁֽŠ°Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ Áø½É¾î¸° °¨»ç¸¦ Ç¥ÇöÇϸç Áõ¾ðÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

As a citizen of the Republic of Korea,
I fell deeply pained and ashamed that my own country has again emerged
as the subject of friendly concern in the United States,
Korea¡¯s foremost ally. This hearing is a continued expression of the same spirit of human
solidarity and determination to safeguard the cause of freedom
that inspired Americans some seventy years ago
to sacrifice their lives to save a newly born liberal democratic country
and continues to cement our alliance.

´ëÇѹα¹ÀÇ ½Ã¹ÎÀ¸·Î¼­
¿ì¸® Á¶±¹ÀÌ Çѱ¹ÀÇ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ µ¿¸ÍÀÎ ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Ä£ÀýÇÑ ¿ì·ÁÀÇ ÁÖÁ¦·Î ¶Ç´Ù½Ã ¶°¿Ã¶ú´Ù´Â °Í¿¡
Àú´Â ±íÀº °íÅë°ú ºÎ²ô·¯¿òÀ» ´À³§´Ï´Ù.
¿À´Ã û¹®È¸´Â
Àηù °øµ¿ÀÇ ¿¬´ë¿Í ¾à 70³â Àü »õ·Ó°Ô ž ÀÚÀ¯¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ ±¹°¡¸¦ ±¸Çϱâ À§ÇØ
ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »ý¸íÀ» Èñ»ýÇÑ ¹Ì±¹Àε鿡°Ô ¿µ°¨À» ÁØ ÀÚÀ¯¶ó´Â ´ëÀǸ¦ º¸È£ÇÏ°í ¿ì¸®ÀÇ µ¿¸ÍÀ» ±»°ÇÈ÷ ÇÏ·Á´Â °á½É°ú
°°Àº Á¤½ÅÀÇ Áö¼ÓÀûÀΠǥÇöÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Testifying against my government in a foreign setting,
I run the risk of being branded an ¡°American stooge¡± by some vociferous critics.
I accepted the invitation because I recognize with alarm that the state of civil and political rights
in my country is not what it appears to be on the surface.
Without timely attention and strategic assistance
from friendly neighbors sharing a commitment to freedom and democracy,
the 50 million people living in South Korea may be lulled by the tempting slogan of
¡°peace with North Korea at any cost¡±.
This would set us on a path certain to bring about a sudden decimation of
South Korean¡¯s human rights through an unprepared merging with the nuclear-armed
but oppressed and starving North Koreans.

¿Ü±¹¿¡¼­ Çѱ¹Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ¹ÝÇÏ´Â Áõ¾ðÀ» Çϱâ À§ÇØ
Àú´Â ÀϺΠ°ÅÄ£ ºñÆÇÀÚµé·ÎºÎÅÍ ¡°¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¾ÕÀâÀÌ¡±¶ó´Â ºñ³­À» ¹ÞÀ» À§ÇèÀ» ¹«¸¨½è½À´Ï´Ù.
³ª´Â Á¶±¹ÀÇ ½Ã¹ÎÀû Á¤Ä¡Àû ±Ç¸®»óȲÀÌ Ç¥¸éÀûÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÌ´Â °Í°ú °°Áö ¾Ê´Ù´Â °æ°í¸¦ ÀνÄÇ߱⠶§¹®¿¡
ÀÌ Ãʴ븦 ¹Þ¾Æµé¿´½À´Ï´Ù.
ÀÚÀ¯¿Í ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çå½ÅÀ» °øÀ¯Çϴ ģÀýÇÑ ÀÌ¿ôµé·ÎºÎÅÍ ½ÃÀÇÀûÀýÇÑ ÁÖÀÇ¿Í Àü·«Àû µµ¿òÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù¸é
Çѱ¹¿¡ »ì°í ÀÖ´Â 5õ¸¸ ½Ã¹ÎµéÀº ¡°ºÏÇÑ°úÀÇ ¹«Á¶°ÇÀû ÆòÈ­¡±¶ó´Â À¯È¤ÀûÀÎ ½½·Î°Ç¿¡ ¾ÈµµÇÒÁö ¸ð¸¨´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ´Â ÇÙ¹«±â·Î ¹«ÀåÇÏ°í ¾ï¾Ð¹Þ°í ±¾ÁÖ¸° ºÏÇÑÁֹεé°úÀÇ ÁغñµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº º´ÇÕÀ» ÅëÇØ
Çѱ¹Àε鿡°Ô °©ÀÛ½º·¯¿î ÀαÇħÇظ¦ ºÒ·¯¿À´Â °ÍÀÌ È®½ÇÇÑ ±æ·Î ¿ì¸®¸¦ ÀεµÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

I do not think that any country can or should intervene in purely internal affairs of another
but believe that when freedom and democracy are threatened everywhere in the world as now,
sharing reliable information and pulling all the available resources globally together
is vital to the sustenance of our common cause.

Àú´Â ¾î´À ±¹°¡³ª ´Ù¸¥ ±¹°¡ÀÇ ³»Á¤¿¡ °³ÀÔÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í ±×·¡¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
±×·¯³ª Àú´Â Áö±Ý°ú °°ÀÌ Àü ¼¼°è¿¡¼­ ÀÚÀ¯¿Í ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ°¡ À§ÇùÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ¶§
½Å·ÚÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Á¤º¸¸¦ °øÀ¯Çϸç Áö±¸ÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÔ²² °¡´ÉÇÑ ÀÚ¿øµéÀ» ¸ðÀ¸´Â °ÍÀÌ
¿ì¸® °øµ¿ÀÇ ´ëÀÇÀÇ Áö¼Ó¿¡ ÇʼöÀûÀ̶ó°í ¹Ï½À´Ï´Ù.

Just as communism was collapsing in Russia and Europe, in the early 1990s,
the Republic of Korea, with its successes at both economic rise and political democratization,
emerged as the model country to be emulated
and living proof of the superiority of the free democratic system of governance.

1990³â´ë ÃÊ ·¯½Ã¾Æ¿Í À¯·´¿¡¼­ »çȸÁÖÀÇ°¡ ¸ô¶ôÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ» ¶§
´ëÇѹα¹Àº °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ»ó°ú Á¤Ä¡Àû ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇÈ­¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ¸ðµÎ ¼º°øÇÔÀ¸·Î½á
¸ð¹æÀÇ ´ë»óÀÌ µÇ´Â ±¹°¡ÀÌÀÚ ÀÚÀ¯¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅÛ Á¤Ä¡Ã¼Á¦ÀÇ ¿ì¿ù¼ºÀÇ »ì¾ÆÀÖ´Â Áõ°Å·Î ¶°¿Ã¶ú½À´Ï´Ù.

Four(4) years ago, Korea again drew the attention of the whole world
by impeaching the first woman president the new democracy had proudly elected.
The sensational development, christened as the ¡°candlelight revolution¡± by its promoters,
was hailed by the press as proof of the robustness of democracy at work in Korea.
Inside Korea, however, it took less than two years before many thoughtful citizens,
including some who had participated in the candlelight protest against President Park Geun-hye,
began to wonder if they had not made a grave mistake in staking high hopes
on Moon Jae-in¡¯s promise to create ¡°a country that no one has experienced before¡±.

4³â Àü Çѱ¹Àº
»õ·Î¿î ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ°¡ ÀÚ¶û½º·´°Ô ¼±ÃâÇß´ø ù ¿©¼º ´ëÅë·ÉÀ» źÇÙÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¶Ç ´Ù½Ã Àü ¼¼°èÀÇ ÁÖ¸ñÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.
ÁöÁöÀڵ鿡 ÀÇÇØ ¡°ÃкÒÇõ¸í¡±À̶ó´Â À̸§ÀÌ ºÙÀº ÀÌ Ãæ°ÝÀûÀÎ ¹ßÀü¿¡ ´ëÇØ
¾ð·ÐÀº Çѱ¹¿¡¼­ ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇÀÇ °ß°íÇÔÀÌ ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â Áõ°Å¶ó°í ȯȣÇß½À´Ï´Ù.
±×·¯³ª Çѱ¹ ³»ºÎ¿¡¼­´Â 2³âµµ ä Áö³ªÁö ¾Ê¾Æ ¸¹Àº »ý°¢ÀÌ ±íÀº ½Ã¹ÎµéÀº,
¹Ú±ÙÇý ´ëÅë·É¿¡ ´ëÇ×ÇØ ÃÐºÒ ½ÃÀ§¿¡ Âü°¡Çß¾ú´ø »ç¶÷µéÀ» ÀϺΠÆ÷ÇÔÇØ,
±×µéÀÌ ¹®ÀçÀÎÀÇ ¡°Çѹøµµ °æÇèÇغ¸Áö ¸øÇÑ ³ª¶ó¸¦ ¸¸µé°Ú´Ù¡±´Â ¾à¼Ó¿¡
Ä¿´Ù¶õ Èñ¸ÁÀ» °Å´Â Áß´ëÇÑ ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ÀúÁú·¶´ø °ÍÀº ¾Æ´ÑÁö¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀǽÉÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

Persons with vivid memories of the Korean war, especially,
are now fearful that the country is headed for populist totalitarianism
and that the very survival of the Republic as an independent country is threatened
by intense pressure from an increasingly arrogant China and a nuclear-armed,
but abjectly poor, North Korea.

Çѱ¹ÀüÀï¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ý»ýÇÑ ±â¾ïÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â Çѱ¹ÀεéÀº
ƯÈ÷ ÀÌ ³ª¶ó°¡ Æ÷ǽ¸®ÁòÀÇ ÀüüÁÖÀÇ ±¹°¡·Î ÇâÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç
´õ ¿À¸¸ÇØÁö´Â Áß±¹°ú ÇÙ¹«ÀåÀ» ÇßÀ¸³ª ºñÂüÇÏ°Ô °¡³­ÇÑ ºÏÇÑÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ °­µµ ³ôÀº ¾Ð·Â¿¡ ÀÇÇØ
µ¶¸³±¹°¡·Î¼­ÀÇ °øÈ­±¹ÀÇ »ýÁ¸ÀÌ Á¡Á¡ À§ÇùÀ» ´çÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °Í¿¡ µÎ·Á¿òÀ» ´À³¢°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

However, such pessimistic voices, rarely catch the ears of outsiders
because no major South Korean media channel was free enough to give space
to views directly opposed to the official government position and the loud populist current.
The aura emanating from the ¡°mandate of the candle¡± was at first so strong
that anyone daring to criticize the politics of the Moon government was likely to bring upon themselves,
if not an official reprisal, the wrath of a modern Korean equivalent of the Red Guard.

±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºñ°üÀûÀÎ °ßÇصéÀº ¿ÜºÎÀεéÀÇ ±Í¿¡ °ÅÀÇ µé¸®Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
¿Ö³ÄÇϸé Çѱ¹ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ¹Ìµð¾î ä³ÎµéÀº °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ÀÔÀå°ú
½Ã²ô·¯¿î Æ÷ǽ¸®½ºÆ®ÀÇ È帧¿¡ Á÷Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹Ý´ëµÇ´Â °ßÇصéÀ» º¸µµÇÒ ¸¸Å­ ÃæºÐÈ÷ ÀÚÀ¯·ÓÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
¡°ÃкÒÀÇ ¸í·É¡±ÀÌ ¹ßÇÏ´Â ¾Æ¿ì¶ó´Â
óÀ½¿¡ ³Ê¹« °­Çؼ­ °¨È÷ ¹®ÀçÀÎ Á¤±ÇÀÇ Á¤Ä¡¸¦ ºñÆÇÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷Àº, °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ º¸º¹ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é,
È«À§º´°ú ¸Â¸Ô´Â Çö´ë Çѱ¹ÀεéÀÇ ºÐ³ë¸¦ ½º½º·Î¿¡°Ô ºÒ·¯¿Ã °Í °°¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.

If one is to understand the peculiarities informing the current civil and political rights situation
in the Republic of Korea,
it is necessary to understand that the impeachment of President Park was a revolutionary coup d¡¯etat,
not a normal change of presidential administrations.
What the vast majority of the candle-holding crowd expected was an apology
from or resignation of the woman president
about whom they felt disappointed and ashamed because of the scandal involving her wardrobe manager.

ÇöÀç Çѱ¹ÀÇ ½Ã¹ÎÀû Á¤Ä¡Àû À뱂 »óȲÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ À¯·¡Çϴ Ư¡À» ÀÌÇØÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù¸é
¹Ú±ÙÇý ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ÅºÇÙÀº Á¤»óÀûÀÎ ´ëÅë·ÉÁ¦ÀÇ Á¤±Ç±³Ã¼°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Çõ¸íÀû Äíµ¥Å¸¿´À½À» ÀÌÇØÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ÃкÒÀ» µç ´ë´Ù¼ö ±ºÁßµéÀÌ ±â´ëÇÑ °ÍÀº ¿©¼º ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ »ç°ú ¶Ç´Â »çÀÓÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
±×µéÀº ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ÀÇ»ó ´ã´çÀÚ¿Í °ü°èµÈ ½ºÄµµé ¶§¹®¿¡ ½Ç¸ÁÇÏ°í È­°¡ ³ª ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

The outcome of the candlelight demonstrations, however, was handing over of supreme power to a man
who openly denies the historical fact that the country of which he became president was and still
is an anti-communist liberal democratic republic launched in 1948.
Characteristically, when President Moon visited North Korea in 2018,
he stood before Kim Jong-un and a cheering North Korean crowd calling himself
not the ¡°President of the Republic of Korea¡± but the ¡°President of the southern side¡±.

±×·¯³ª ÃкҽÃÀ§ÀÇ °á°ú´Â
±×°¡ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ µÈ ±¹°¡°¡ 1948³â ¹Ý°ø»êÁÖÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ °øÈ­±¹À̾ú°í
¿©ÀüÈ÷ ±×·¯ÇÑ ±¹°¡¶ó´Â ¿ª»çÀû »ç½ÇÀ» °ø°³ÀûÀ¸·Î ºÎÀÎÇÏ´Â ³²ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÃÖ°í±Ç·ÂÀ» ³Ñ°ÜÁØ °ÍÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
Ư¡ÀûÀ¸·Î 2018³â ¹®´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ ºÏÇÑÀ» ¹æ¹®ÇßÀ» ¶§ ±×´Â ±èÁ¤Àº°ú ȯȣÇÏ´Â ºÏÇѱºÁßµé ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ÀÚ½ÅÀ»
¡°´ëÇѹα¹ ´ëÅë·É¡±ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¡°³²Ãø ´ëÅë·É¡±À̶ó°í ºÒ·¶½À´Ï´Ù.

With the hindsight of five years,
many Koreans now suspect that the intent of Moon Jae-in¡¯s ruling circle was from the beginning
not the elevation of Korean¡¯s liberal democracy to a hight level as the majority of those
who ha voted for him expected but rather its systematic undermining.
Moon¡¯s government, however, was not so candid about the hidden intention
behind their radical undertaking as some of its ideological advocates were.

5³â µ¿¾ÈÀÇ µÚ´ÊÀº ±ú´ÞÀ½ µÚ¿¡ ¸¹Àº Çѱ¹ÀεéÀº
ÇöÀç ¹®ÀçÀÎÀÇ Áý±Ç¿©´çÀÇ Àǵµ´Â,
¹®ÀçÀο¡°Ô ÅõÇ¥ÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ´ë´Ù¼ö°¡ ±â´ëÇß´ø °Íó·³,
óÀ½ºÎÅÍ Çѱ¹ÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀǸ¦ ´õ ³ôÀº ¼öÁØÀ¸·Î °í¾ç½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó
ü°èÀûÀ¸·Î ¾àÈ­½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù°í ÀǽÉÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ¹®Á¤±ÇÀº Á¤±ÇÀÇ À̵¥¿Ã·Î±âÀû ÁöÁöÀÚµéÀÇ ÀϺΰ¡ ±×·¨´ø °Íó·³
±×µéÀÇ Çõ¸íÀû ÀÛ¾÷ÀÇ µÚ¿¡ ¼û°ÜÁø Àǵµ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼ÖÁ÷ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.

Anti-corruption, economic justice, people¡¯s right over the presidential power,
peace at any cost, clean environment
were unobjectionably attractive slogans held up as the ¡°mandate of the candle,¡±
while two former Presidents-Park Geun-hye and Lee Myong-bak,
a former Chief Justics-Yang Sung-tae,
three former chiefs of the National Intelligence Service(NIS)
-Nam Jae-jun, Lee Byong-kee, Lee Byong-ho,
and heads of many large business corporations starting with
Lee Jae-yong of Samsung were thrown into prison.
Nuclear power plants, considered to be the safest and economically most competitive in the world,
were ordered to be dismantled.
It was a sort of revolutionary euphoria, in which the media and civil society alike played the chorus,
and no one dared to object to the sudden overturning.

ÀûÆóû»ê, °æÁ¦Àû Á¤ÀÇ, ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ±Ç·Â À§¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ±¹¹ÎÀÇ ±Ç·Â, ¹«Á¶°ÇÀû ÆòÈ­, ±ú²ýÇÑ È¯°æÀº
¡°ÃкÒÀÇ ¸í·É¡±À¸·Î¼­ ÀÌÀǸ¦ Á¦±âÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ¸Å·ÂÀûÀÎ ½½·Î°ÇÀ̾úÀ¸¸ç,
ÀÌ ¿ÍÁß¿¡ µÎ¸íÀÇ ÀüÁ÷ ´ëÅë·Éµé(¹Ú±ÙÇý¿Í À̸í¹Ú), ÀüÁ÷ ´ë¹ý¿øÀå(¾ç½ÂÅÂ),
¼¼¸íÀÇ ÀüÁ÷ ±¹°¡Á¤º¸¿øÀå(³²ÀçÁß, À̺´±â, À̺´È£),
±×¸®°í »ï¼ºÀÇ ÀÌÀç¿ë°ú °°Àº ¸¹Àº ´ë±â¾÷ ÃѼöµéÀÌ ±¸¼ÓµÆ½À´Ï´Ù.
¼¼°è¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°í °æÁ¦ÀûÀ¸·Î °¡Àå °æÀï·Â ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø ¿øÀüÀº ÇØü¸í·ÉÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.
±×°ÍÀº ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ Çõ¸íÀû ȯÈñ¿´À¸¸ç, ¾ð·Ð°ú ½Ã¹Î»çȸ°¡ ¶È°°ÀÌ ÇÕâÇ߱⿡,
¾î´À ´©±¸µµ °¨È÷ °©ÀÛ½º·¯¿î Àüº¹¿¡ ¹Ý´ëÇÏÁö ¸øÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

Moon Jae-in won the presidential election by promising to cut down
on what he termed the ¡°imperial power¡± of the presidency.
Once in power, however, he moved in just the opposite direction.
Power concentrated in his Blue House.
Besides the former top leaders accused of high crime,
over one hundred lesser figures have also been arrested or brought
to trial under charges which, with rare exceptions,
amounted to little more than having faithfully served the precious government
with its anti-communist thrust.
Almost everyone who had been appointed to top posts
in any government of semi-governmental organization,
especially the major broadcasting corporations such as KBS and MBC, was hounded out of his or her position.
Many individuals chose to commit suicide instead of having their honor and family destroyed.

¹®ÀçÀÎÀº
ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¡°Á¦¿ÕÀû ±Ç·Â¡±À̶ó°í À̸§ºÙÀÎ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ±ÇÇÑÀ» ÁÙÀÌ°Ú´Ù°í ¾à¼ÓÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ´ë¼±¿¡¼­ ½Â¸®Çß½À´Ï´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ÀÏ´Ü Áý±ÇÇÏÀÚ ±×´Â ¹Ý´ë ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ¿òÁ÷¿´½À´Ï´Ù.
±Ç·ÂÀº ¹®ÀçÀΠû¿Í´ë¿¡ ÁýÁߵƽÀ´Ï´Ù.
Áß´ë ¹üÁË·Î ±â¼ÒµÈ ÀüÁ÷ ´ëÅë·Éµé»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó
¹Ý°øÁÖÀÇÀû ÃßÁø·ÂÀ¸·Î ÀÌÀü Á¤ºÎ¸¦ Ãæ½ÇÇÏ°Ô ¼¶°å´ø 100¸íÀÌ ³Ñ´Â °íÀ§Á÷µéÀÌ,
°ÅÀÇ ¿¹¿Ü¾øÀÌ Ã¼Æ÷µÇ°Å³ª ÇøÀÇ·Î ÀçÆÇ¿¡ ȸºÎµÆ½À´Ï´Ù.
Á¤ºÎ³ª °ø°ø±â°ü, ƯÈ÷ KBS¿Í MBC¿Í °°Àº ÁÖ¿ä¹æ¼Û»çÀÇ ÃÖ°íÀ§Á÷¿¡ ÀÓ¸íµÈ °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÌ
Á÷¿¡¼­ ÂѰܳµ½À´Ï´Ù.
¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±×µéÀÇ ¸í¿¹¿Í °¡Á·ÀÌ Æı«µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» º¸´Â ´ë½Å ÀÚ»ìÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

The positions thus vacated were filled promptly with persons most of whom
belonged to a few specific far-leftist circles since their university years.
The most notable case was the appointment of Im Jong-suk as chief of the presidential administration.
Im had been a prominent leader of the pro-North underground student circle,
the National Liberation faction,
which trained its members to worship the founder of North Korea¡¯s Kim Il-sung dynasty
as the true embodiment of Korea¡¯s national spirit.
To them, the Republic of Korea was little more than an American colony
that should not have been recognized as an independent country.

ºñ¿öÁø ±× ÀÚ¸®´Â °ð ´ëÇнÃÀýºÎÅÍ ±ØÁ¼¼·Â¿¡ °¡´ãÇß´ø Àι°µé·Î ä¿öÁ³½À´Ï´Ù.
°¡Àå Àß ¾Ë·ÁÁø °æ¿ì´Â ÀÓÁ¾¼®À» ´ëÅë·É ºñ¼­½ÇÀå¿¡ ÀÓ¸íÇÑ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
ÀÓÁ¾¼®Àº Ä£ºÏ ÁöÇÏÇлýÁ¶Á÷ÀÎ ¹ÎÁ·Çعæ(NL)°è¿­ÀÇ À¯¸íÇÑ ¸®´õ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ Á¶Á÷Àº ¼Ò¼Ó ÇлýµéÀÌ ºÏÇÑÀÇ ±èÀϼº ¿ÕÁ¶ÀÇ Ã¢½ÃÀÚ¸¦ ¹ÎÁ·Á¤½ÅÀÇ ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ È­½ÅÀ¸·Î ¼þ¹èÇϵµ·Ï ÈƷýÃÄ×½À´Ï´Ù.
±×µé¿¡°Ô ´ëÇѹα¹Àº ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ½Ä¹ÎÁö ÀÌ»óÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¾úÀ¸¸ç µ¶¸³µÈ ±¹°¡·Î ÀÎÁ¤¹Þ¾Æ¼­´Â ¾È µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

After four(4) years of Moon¡¯s radical populist politics,
the Republic of Korea remains a free democratic country in the sense that elections are regularly held.
Despite the profuse democratic verbiage, however,
all the accepted procedural norms of policymaking and appointments have been discarded.
Huge corruption scandals continue to erupt and often end up
with ill-explained and under-investigated suicides of prominent personages.
There is increasing, pervasive fear of unexpected blows to come,
whether from the political, economic, or social directions.
South Korea has become sharply divided into pro-Moon and anti-Moon camps,
and people talk in hushed voices even among close friends.

¹®ÀçÀÎÀÇ 4³â µ¿¾ÈÀÇ ±ÞÁøÀû Æ÷ǽ¸®Áò Á¤Ä¡ ÀÌÈÄ
Çѱ¹Àº Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î ¼±°Å°¡ ½Ç½ÃµÈ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼­ ÀÚÀ¯¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ ±¹°¡·Î ³²¾ÆÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ¸¹Àº ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇÀû ÀåȲÇÔ¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í
Á¤Ã¥°áÁ¤°ú ÀÓ¸í°ú °ü·ÃÇØ ±×µ¿¾È ÀÎÁ¤¹Þ¾Ò´ø ¸ðµç ÀýÂ÷Àû ±Ô¹üµéÀº Æó±âµÆ½À´Ï´Ù.
°Å´ëÇÑ ºÎÆÐ ½ºÄµµéÀº °è¼ÓÇؼ­ ¹ß»ýÇßÀ¸¸ç
¼³¸íÀÌ Àß ¾ÈµÇ°í Á¶»çµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº Àú¸íÇÑ Àι°µéÀÇ ÀÚ»ì·Î ¸¶°¨µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
Á¤Ä¡°è³ª °æÁ¦°è, ¶Ç´Â »çȸÀû Ãø¸éÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿¹»óÄ¡ ¸øÇÑ Å« ÀÏÀÌ
ÀϾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â µÎ·Á¿òÀÌ ³Î¸® ÆÛÁ®ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Áõ°¡ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Çѱ¹Àº ¹®ÀçÀÎÀ» ÁöÁöÇÏ´Â Æí°ú ¹Ý´ëÇÏ´Â ÆíÀ¸·Î ³¯Ä«·Ó°Ô ³ª´µ¾îÁ³À¸¸ç
»ç¶÷µéÀº ½ÉÁö¾î Ä£±¸ »çÀÌ¿¡¼­µµ ¸ñ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ³·Ãß°í À̾߱âÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

The most comprehensive loss suffered by the entire nation is the right to reliable information
and freedom to communicate honestly with their government and with each other.
The vast majority of older citizens still regard liberal democracy, the market economy,
and the ROK-US alliance to be the three(3) pillars buttressing their country
but that is at odds with the pro-North and pro-Chinese direction in which the Moon government is headed.
The ¡°sovereign people¡± have become objects of manipulation through constant propaganda and,
during the election season especially,
outright bribery as both taxes and national debt keep rising sharply.
Artful control of the mass media and cultural,
and educational venues are hallmarks of the Moon government earning the name ¡°theater state¡±,
Even YouTube channels cannot escape government interference.

ÀÌ ³ª¶ó°¡ °ÞÀº °¡Àå Å« ¼Õ½ÇÀº
½Å·ÚÇÒ¸¸ÇÑ Á¤º¸¿¡ Á¢±ÙÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±Ç¸®¿Í Á¤ºÎ ¹× ¼­·Î °£¿¡ Á¤Á÷ÇÏ°Ô ¼ÒÅëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀÚÀ¯ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
Àå³âÃþÀÇ ´ë´Ù¼ö´Â
¿©ÀüÈ÷ ÀÚÀ¯¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ¿Í ½ÃÀå°æÁ¦ ±×¸®°í Çѹ̵¿¸ÍÀÌ Çѱ¹À» ÁöÅÊÇÏ´Â ¼¼ °¡Áö ÃàÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ÀÌ´Â ¹®Á¤±ÇÀÌ ÁöÇâÇϴ ģºÏ, Ä£Áß ¹æÇâ°ú ºÒÈ­ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¡°ÁÖ±ÇÀÚ¡±´Â ²÷ÀÓ¾ø´Â ÇÁ·ÎÆÄ°£´Ù¿Í ƯÈ÷ ¼±°Å ±â°£¿¡´Â ³ë°ñÀûÀÎ ³ú¹°À» ÅëÇØ Á¶ÀÛÀÇ ´ë»óÀÌ µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç
¼¼±Ý°ú ±¹°¡Ã¤¹«´Â °¡Æĸ£°Ô Áõ°¡ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
´ëÁ߸Åü¿Í ¹®È­¿Í ±³À°ÇöÀå¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¹¼úÀû Áö¹è´Â ¹®Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ¡°±ØÀå±¹°¡¡±¶ó´Â À̸§À» °¡Á®´Ù ÁØ °íÀ¯ÇÑ Æ¯Â¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
½ÉÁö¾î À¯Æ©ºê ä³Îµµ Á¤ºÎÀÇ °£¼·À» ÇÇÇØ°¥ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.

The next touchstone of democracy to go was equality before the law and the fair trial.
As more and more courts are headed by judges drawn from specific formerly dissident circles,
a double standard in court judgments has become prevalent.
President Moon had set up five criteria to be used when making governmental appointments
but none of his ministerial appointees met them.
If the same stringent legal and moral criteria used in prosecuting the officials
of the former governments were to be applied to Moon¡¯s people,
most of them would now be sitting in prison.

¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇÀÇ ¾Õ³¯À» ¿¹»óÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´ÙÀ½ ½Ã±Ý¼®Àº ¹ý ¾ÕÀÇ Æòµî°ú °øÁ¤ÇÑ ÀçÆÇÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
ÀçÆÇÁ¤ÀÇ ¼ö³úºÎ°¡ Á¡Á¡ ´õ ¹ÝüÁ¦ Á¶Á÷¿¡ °¡´ãÇß´ø ÀçÆÇ°üµé·Î ä¿öÁö¸é¼­
ÀçÆÇ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÀÌÁßÀã´ë°¡ ³Î¸® ÆÛÁö°Ô µÆ½À´Ï´Ù.
¹®´ëÅë·ÉÀº °øÁ÷ÀÚ ÀÓ¸íÀÇ 5°¡Áö ±âÁØÀ» Á¤ÇßÁö¸¸
±×°¡ Áö¸íÇÑ Àå°üµé Áß ±× ±âÁØÀ» ¸¸Á·ÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ¾Æ¹«µµ ¾ø¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
Àü ÇàÁ¤ºÎ°ü¸®µéÀ» ±â¼ÒÇÒ ¶§ Àû¿ëÇß´ø °Í°ú ¶È°°Àº ¾öÁßÇÑ ¹ýÀû, ±×¸®°í µµ´öÀû ±âÁØÀ»
¹®ÀçÀÎ Á¤ºÎ Àλçµé¿¡ Àû¿ëÇß´Ù¸é ±×µé Áß ´ëºÎºÐÀº Áö±Ý °¨¿Á¿¡ °¡ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Korea¡¯s general public woke up to the danger president Moon represented
when he insisted on appointing as Minister of Justice Cho Kuk,
his Blue House counsel and unrepentant former member of a revolutionary circle,
every though he and his wife were facing serious moral and legal chargers.
Massive anti-Moon demonstrations began to take place.
Resistance to Moon¡¯s increasingly arbitrary exercise of power grew even among his erstwhile supporters,
including, notably, Attorney General Yoon Seok-youl and Inspector General Choi Jae-hyung,
both Moon¡¯s own appointees.

¹®´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ Ã»¿Í´ë ¹ÎÁ¤ºñ¼­°üÀÌÀÚ ÀüÁ÷ Çõ¸í¼¼·ÂÀÇ ÀÏ¿øÀ¸·Î ÀüÇâÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº Á¶±¹À» ¹ý¹«ºÎÀå°ü¿¡ ÀÓ¸íÇÏÀÚ
Çѱ¹ÀÇ ÀϹݴëÁßÀº ¹®´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ ´ëÇ¥ÇÏ´Â À§ÇèÀ» ±ú´Ý±â ½ÃÀÛÇß½À´Ï´Ù.
´ë±Ô¸ð ¹Ý¹®½ÃÀ§°¡ ½ÃÀ۵ƽÀ´Ï´Ù.
¹®ÀçÀÎÀÇ Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â µ¶´ÜÀû ±Ç·ÂÇà»ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀúÇ×Àº
½ÉÁö¾î Á¶±Ý Àü±îÁö ±×ÀÇ ÁöÁöÀÚ¿´´ø »ç¶÷µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼­µµ Ä¿Áö±â ½ÃÀÛÇß½À´Ï´Ù.
±× °¡¿îµ¥´Â °ËÂûÃÑÀå À±¼®¿­°ú °¨»ç¿øÀå ÃÖÀçÇüÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
À̵éÀº ¸ðµÎ ¹®ÀçÀÎÀÌ Á÷Á¢ ÀÓ¸íÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

The Moon government, however, shows no sign of relenting.
Instead, using the virus pandemic as an excuse to put down any resistance movement,
and emboldened by the electoral victory
by which the ruling party secured a surprising 3/5 majority in April 2020,
it began openly to exhibit its anti-liberal ideological color and arrogance typical
of one-party dictatorships.
The government party started to churn out packet after packet of new laws designed
to put an effective end to what remained of civil rights and economic freedoms.
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